LINUX AND UNIX NOTES/COMMANDS

C shell and bourne, bash is part of the latter.
l
PASSWD to change
LS list files
LS -L list with more info
LS -A list hidden files
LS -AL list all, hidden and not, and info about them.
CP filename filename, copy one to other
	Will overwrite a preexisting
	Use underscore or periods instead of spacing
RM delete

CP -I OR RM -I = interactive, will ask for confirmation
MV filename filename, will rename. Add a period for hidden.
CAT filename, display the contents of a file
HEAD filename, display the first few lines of a file.

There are three permissions, read, write and excecute.
ID shows you the permissions
LS -L filename, view file restrictions
	d directory
	r read permission
	w write permission
	x execute permission
		and number, the higher the number the higher the permissions.

CHOWN ID filename, change permissions.

DIRECTORIES

PWD see where you currently are.
CD/directory  change
MKDIR make directory

.. previous directory
	eg. ls.. list one directory up.

MV filename/directory, move
RMDIR remove directory
> change output
eg. ls> filename, make file containing the contents of the directory.

LS | MORE send list to the more directory, which will only display one screenful at a time.

CAT FILENAME | MORE shows file contents screen by screen
SORT FILENAME shows contents in order.
SORT -R reversal
SORT -N sorted by numbers
LS | LPR send to printer

Wildcards
? any letter
* anything and any length
History (with | MORE if alot).
	Put the cursor up to repeat an action.
CTRL+E put cursor at end.

FINDING

LS FILENAME look for filename, can use filename.
FIND /namefilename -print

GREP "WORDS"* find words within any file in the working directory.
-I after grep = ignore case

TEXT EDITORS

Modal editor
	Always waiting for commands/text, i.e. command/input mode.
ESC=beep=command mode (to find out).
VI filename, opens it, then esc to switch modes/issue a command.

CMP filename filename, compare
COMPRESS -v filename
UNCOMPRESS
GZIP -V FILENAME
GUNZIP FILENAME.GZ
PACK
UNPACK
bin = binaries
Shell scripts, collected commands


FTP


FTP filename
GET filename
ASC change transfer mode to ascii (text)
BIN change transfer mode to binary (any non-text)
GOODBYE log out
DIR directory listing
CD change directory
LCD change local directory
GET filename filename Get remote file and rename it
MGET partfilename* with wildcard
ctrl+c/del interrupt
PROMPT toggle on/off asking confirmations
PUT put
PUT filename filename Put and rename
MKDIR make directory
DEL delete
MDEL Multiple delete
PUB remote folder with all the best files in.

OTHER NON FTP COMMANDS

RM remove/delete
RM filename* with wildcard-
RM *.txt Delete all file types

Remember that MV will delete whenever the destination has an existing file of the same name.

RM -i Interactive, prompt first

To back up:
MKDIR backup folder name
CP filename backup folder name

i/o error = input/output, something wrong with the removable storage.

Permission denied, use LS -i to find out who owns.

MAN command Get the manual listing for a specific command or term.

To end, log out, then shut down, or ctrl+alt+bksp = terminates kde

DO FTP IN FILEMANAGER!

-h now = shutdown
-r now = reboot

touch filename = create it.

spell filename = spellcheck a particular file.
semi-colon seperates multiple commands.

ls -l> filename = redirect output stream (i.e. make a file of the output)

chrn = change finger

fmt -w 68 = make line breaks at 68
rpm -i filename = unpack and install.
rpm-e filename = uninstall

free = how much memory
procinfo = how much memory but more info about it all.
df = disk free, how much space is there?



Launching Breezy Linux from SD

1 - Breezy files to card
2 - Terminal
3 - Sudo -i
4 - Insert card, cancel open box as don't want auto-mounted
5 - umount /dev/sdb1
6 - fdisk /dev/sdb
7 - P
= views partition, */asterik undeer boot means the partition is active. if no */asterik, then a then 1 - to make the partition active
8 - w
to write the change
9 - p
to view the partition
10 - 1 
to quit
11 - Put syslinux-nomtools in user directory
12 - go user in console and: chmod 755 syslinux-nomtools
13 - .syslinu-nomtools /dev/sdb1

somewhere here a umount /dev/sdb1 ... but how will it boot? I think that  would be 12.5

14 - exit twice
15 - reboot and choose card

14 -